janma mc (a) birth: मेरा ~ १९०७ में हुआ my -- took place in 1907, I was born in 1907; वह ~ से ही ऐसा है he is like this from his very --; वह ~ से चीनी थी she was a Chinese by --; ~ देना to give birth: माँ ने लड़के को ~ दिया the mother gave -- to a son; ~ लेना to take birth, to be born; कृष्ण ने भारत में ~ लिया Krishna took birth (was born) in India; नये विचारों ने ~ लिया है new idea have originated. [attributive in] ~ -तिथि, ~ -दिन, ~ - नाम, ~ -भूमि, etc. q. v. (b) life: ~ भर वह दुःख भोगता रहा he suffered all his --; ~ भर क़ैद -- imprisonment; ~ बिगाड़ना to spoil one's --. [syn. (a) पैदाइश, (b) जीवन, जिंदगी; ant. मृत्यु, मरण]

jan·tā fu public आम/साधारण general, ग़रीब poor, देहाती rural, शहरी urban]; ~ का संगठन करना to organize the masses; ~ की आवाज़ -- voice. [see सार्वजनिक, लोक]

zabān fc (a) tongue = जीभ q. v. (b) language = भाषा q. v. [some usages and idioms with ~ are more popular] △ किसी की ~ काटना to interrupt some one's speech; ~ का मीठा honey-tongued; ~ को लगाम देना to hold one's tongue; ~ खोलना to speak out; उसकी ~ चलती है he speaks glibly, he goes on talking; ~ चलाना to talk much, to wag one's tongue; ~ देना to give one's word, to promise; ~ पर (मैं) ताला लगना to become speechless; ~ पर चढ़ना to come frequently to the tongue; ~ पर लाना to mention; ~ पलटना to go back on one's word; ~ बंद होना to be tongue- tied; (की) ~ बंद करना to silence, to render speechless; ~ सँभालो hold your tongue; ~ से निकालना to utter; ~ हारना to commit oneself, to give one's word; ~ हिलाना to speak out. [These usages with जीभ have only literary meaning, not idiomatic]

jāl·sāz mc forgerer: सिक्के बनाते हुए जालसाज़ों का एक गिरोह पकड़ा गया a gang of --s was caught minting coins. [syn. जालिया]

jamhāī fc yawn = जँभाई q. v.

joṛ-toṛ mu manoeuvring, machination: शत्रु के विरुध्द ~ -- against

zar·dī f 1. yellowness, paleness: चेहरे (फूलों, आँखों) की ~ -- of the face (flowers, eyes). 2. अंडे की ~ yolk of an egg.

janma-din/divas mc [usually sing.] birthday: उसके अगले ~ पर on his next --; आज मेरा ~ है it is my -- today; ~ मनाना to celebrate one's --; ~ का उपहार -- presents/gift.

jāmun mc jambo (fruit and tree).

jūṛī f [also ~ का बुख़ार] ague, malarial fever: मुझे ~ आती है I am suffering from --. [syn. मलेरिया]