jyotiṣ mu (a) astronomy: ~ दूरदर्शी astronomical telescope; ~ घड़ी astronomical clock; (b) astrology: ~ लगाना to foretell by --.

jald-bāz a and mc hasty/ impetuous (person): ~ पीछे पछताते है --s repent afterwards.

zabān fc (a) tongue = जीभ q. v. (b) language = भाषा q. v. [some usages and idioms with ~ are more popular] △ किसी की ~ काटना to interrupt some one's speech; ~ का मीठा honey-tongued; ~ को लगाम देना to hold one's tongue; ~ खोलना to speak out; उसकी ~ चलती है he speaks glibly, he goes on talking; ~ चलाना to talk much, to wag one's tongue; ~ देना to give one's word, to promise; ~ पर (मैं) ताला लगना to become speechless; ~ पर चढ़ना to come frequently to the tongue; ~ पर लाना to mention; ~ पलटना to go back on one's word; ~ बंद होना to be tongue- tied; (की) ~ बंद करना to silence, to render speechless; ~ सँभालो hold your tongue; ~ से निकालना to utter; ~ हारना to commit oneself, to give one's word; ~ हिलाना to speak out. [These usages with जीभ have only literary meaning, not idiomatic]

jal·yān mc vessel: जहाज़ और नाव आदि ~ है ship, boat, etc. are --s.

jāliyā mc = जालसाज़ q. v.

janma-dātā mc originator, father: आधुनिक विचारों के ~ -- of modern thought; भाषाविज्ञान का ~ -- of linguistics. [fem. जन्मदात्री]

jel mc gaol, jail, prison [अधीक्षक superintendent, कर्मचारी employee, नियमावली manual]; ~ भेजना (में बंद करना) to imprison; ~ काटना (भोगना) to suffer imprisonment. [syn. क़ैद, क़ैदख़ाना]

jagānā vt (a) to awaken, to wake up: उसे जगा दो wake him up, उसे पाँच बजे जगाया गया he/she was awakened at 5 O'clock. (b) to arouse: उत्साह (रुचि, हमदर्दी) ~ -- enthusiasm (interest, sympathy). (c) जादू ~ to conjure up magic. [vi जागना, जगना; n. जाग, also see. जागरण, जाग्रत, जाग्रति]

zālim I. a tyrannical [बाप father, दुश्मन enemy, बादशाह king]. II. mc tyrant: ज़ालिमों के फंदे में in the clutches of --s. [syn. अत्याचारी]

jan-tantra mu people's government, democracy [अप्रत्यक्ष indirect; प्रत्यक्ष direct; संसदीय parliamentary]. [syn. लोकतंत्र]