¹ qalam f (m)c pen; हम ~ से लिखते हैं we write with a --; ~ -दवात pen and ink (pot); ~ की नोक point of a --; ~ उठाना to raise the -- (for writing); ~ घसीटना to scribble; ~ घिसटना/चलाना to write; ~ फेरना/मारना to strike out, to obliterate; ~-बंद written: ~-बंद करना to take down in writing, to commit to writing; ~ बनाना to make/mend a ~; △ ~ तोड़ना to work wonders in writing. [syn. लेखनी]